Labour backbenchers call for ‘meaningful tweaks’ to farm inheritance tax plan
Farmers protested in Whitehall and Parliament Square on Monday, blasting their horns to tunes including Old MacDonald Had A Farm.
Chancellor Rachel Reeves has faced calls for “meaningful tweaks” to planned inheritance tax on farmland from Labour MPs.
Sam Rushworth said that farmers who work a £5 million estate are “not millionaires”, while Julia Buckley said sector businesses currently face a choice to “go big or go bust”.
Conservative former Scottish secretary David Mundell warned that under plans to impose inheritance tax on agricultural property worth more than £1 million, farmers’ children will sell their land to private equity firms to cover the bill, and estates would instead be used for solar panels or industrial tree planting.
They made their comments during a debate about a House of Commons petition which called on Treasury ministers to carry on with a 100% relief from inheritance tax covering agricultural property.
The discussion began just minutes after the petition gathered its 150,000th signature, and while farmers lined Whitehall and Parliament Square outside the Palace of Westminster, blasting their horns to the tune of Old MacDonald Had A Farm and Europe’s number-one hit The Final Countdown.
Mr Rushworth told MPs: “If you inherit a £5 million farm, you’re not a millionaire, you’re the custodian of agricultural land with the responsibility to farm it to produce food for the nation.”
The MP for Bishop Auckland suggested the previous government could have better supported “things like trade deals, supply chains, flood defences and on crime”, adding: “They want to stop billionaires, to quote The Telegraph, from hoovering up agricultural land which they know is pushing up land prices.
“And they even support the principle of paying tax and raising revenue for the Treasury, because they know that Treasury revenue is necessary to improve the NHS and to improve schools in their communities, as well as a strong agricultural budget.
“But they are asking, and they’re not asking, by the way, for a full U-turn, but they are asking for some meaningful tweaks that will help the policy to better target the goals that it intends to achieve.”
He said that the £1 million threshold, with inheritance tax applied at a rate of 20% above on land worth more than this from April 2026, “is quite low”.
Ms Buckley said: “My farmers in my Shrewsbury constituency have told me that for many years now, they’ve struggled to make a profit.
“Indeed, they say the only game in town is to go big or go bust, in other words, 12,000 small farmers have gone under because over the last decade, it’s not been a profitable business.
“And they say to me that they’re ready to make some of these behavioural changes to pass the asset down to the next generation, so it can be profitable and sustainable and environmentally friendly, because that next generation have just come out of agricultural college and learned all these new techniques.”
David Smith, the Labour MP for North Northumberland, said that few farms in his constituency would fall below the £1 million threshold and be exempted from the tax.
“The value of the land is often not bearing a relation to the limited cashflow or profit that is being made,” he said, adding that “raising the threshold would provide instant peace of mind to family farmers”.
Mr Smith also suggested an “active farmer test” using Government data to “judge if the land is being put to public use”, and proposed a “clawback” system so the Treasury could charge for the relief if a farmer’s beneficiary sells the land within a short period of time after a death.
Mr Mundell warned farms “will not be sold to new family farmers”.
He continued: “They will be sold to these very private equity firms who want not to produce food on our land, but want to actually maximise other tax benefits that they can do under carbon offset and other environmental tax benefits that they get.
“And in addition to that, they don’t employ anyone.”
Turning to the issue of tax planning, Liberal Democrat MP Sarah Dyke warned some older farmers might find it difficult to swerve an expensive bill by putting in place “the transitional restructure to their affairs”, for example, by gifting property to their heirs more than seven years before they die.
The MP for Glastonbury and Somerton sighed after she told MPs: “The stress this is putting on those families, I myself am from a farming family.
“My mother is 81, my father died just about a year ago.
“The pressure this is putting on her to think whether she can survive another seven years is so distressing and I know she is not alone.”
Conservative shadow environment minister Robbie Moore described the policy as “purposefully vindictive”, adding: “The Government’s actual intent is to send a strong message out to our farmers that they are not needed, that they do not matter, that they do not play a vital part in our national agenda.”
Responding, Treasury minister James Murray warned the current inheritance tax exemption for farmers is “skewed towards the wealthiest estates”, with 117 estates claiming £219 million of relief according to the latest Government data.
He said: “What has driven the Government in making the decision to reform agricultural and business property relief is the overwhelming priority of fixing the public finances whilst doing so in a way that is fair and sustainable.”
Mr Murray added the Government had committed £5 billion to farming over the next two years, £60 million to help farmers affected by wet weather last year, and £2.4 billion over two years to help rebuild “crumbling flood defences”.
He recalled “media speculation” before last October’s budget that the Government might axe the reliefs altogether, and said the Treasury had considered representations from the farming sector “in reaction to that speculation”.
